GLOSSARY

3GPP
3GPP is the new standard for multimedia content delivery over high-speed wireless networks. 3GPP is especially designed for mobile device use. It gives good picture and sound quality in low data rates.


AAC
A compression format especially designed for sound data, similar to MP3. Using AAC, the sound file size can be dramatically reduced without audible loss in sound quality.

Alarm clock
A feature that lets the user set the phone to sound an alarm tone at a specified time within 24 hours or, in some phone models, on a certain day or daily. It can be used as a wake-up alarm or as a reminder of important appointments.


AMR
Adaptive Multi Rate. A sound encoding file format specially focused in packing effectively speech frequencies.


Antenna
A physical device for sending or receiving radio signals. Mobile devices can contain internal antennas or antennas that extend above the phone. If a mobile device includes an FM radio, the lead of the headset functions as the antenna of the radio. The headset needs to be connected when using the radio. See also FM radio.


Bandwidth
The width of a communication channel. Analogue bandwidth is measured in Hertz (Hz) or cycles per second and digital bandwidth is measured in bits per second. Bandwidth should not be confused with band. For example, when a mobile device operates on the 900 MHz band, bandwidth is the space it occupies on that band. The bandwidth of a channel affects the transmission speed.


Battery
See Phone battery.

Bluetooth
A technology that provides short-range radio links to allow mobile computers, mobile phones, digital cameras, and other portable devices to communicate with each other without cables. A Nokia mobile device with Bluetooth support allows the user to connect wirelessly to another compatible Bluetooth device within a short range.

Bookmark
A bookmark consists of an Internet address (mandatory), bookmark title, WAP access point, and if the service requires, a username and a password.


Browser
Software used to view information pages such as web and WAP pages. A browser can use, for example, hypertext markup language (HTML), extensible hypertext markup language (XHTML) or wireless markup language (WML) to display pages. See also Web browser.


Chat
A feature that lets a mobile device user have a conversation with another party by using messages, while the device keeps all the messages during the conversation. It is possible to chat with one other person or, where operators' services are available, with several other people simultaneously.

Contacts
An application for storing and editing contact information such as names, phone numbers, and addresses. The data can be stored in the internal memory of a phone or on its SIM card.


Content copier
Software that lets the user of a mobile device transfer data between two compatible phones and to make a backup copy of phone data to a compatible PC. Nokia content copier is included in the PC Suite software, which can be downloaded from the Nokia Support web pages at www.nokia.com/support/phones. PC Suite is not available for all phone models.


Coverage area
An area within which a mobile device can have a connection to a network. See also Service area.


CSD
Circuit Switched data. Data transmitted over a dedicated (although usually virtual) channel. The destination address is implicitly defined by the (virtual) circuit that is selected.


Downloadable ringing tone
A ringing tone that the user can download to a phone. The tone is downloaded from a special service and it is sent to the phone as a message.


Dynamic memory
A memory that is shared between specified functions or applications. If one or two applications use all the capacity, there is no memory available for the others at that moment. For example, the calendar, short message service (SMS), and phonebook or contacts may share a dynamic memory in a mobile device.

EDGE
See (E)GPRS.


(E)GPRS, Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution
In EDGE packet transmission networks, the connection is faster than in GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) networks. EDGE is also known as (E)GPRS (Enhanced General Packet Radio Service). See also General Packet Radio Service.


Enhancements
Additional pieces of equipment that are used to enhance the operation or look of mobile devices, including colored covers, batteries, chargers, headsets, car kits, and carrying cases. Information about compatible enhancements for a specific phone can be found on the Nokia web site’s Phone Enhancements.

FM radio
A function that lets the user listen to the radio. When listening to the radio on a phone, the headset of the phone needs to be connected, as the lead of the headset functions as an antenna of the radio.


GPRS ,General packet radio service
A GSM data transmission technique that transmits and receives data in packets. GPRS offers a permanent connection between the wireless device and the network.

GSM
See GSM system.

GSM system
A digital system for mobile communications that is based on a widely accepted standard. The GSM system typically operates in the 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHz frequency bands.


Handsfree
A feature that lets users use a phone without lifting or holding the handset to their ear.

HSCSD ,High speed circuit switched data
A data transmission connection that is a few times faster that the GSM data connection. It uses multiple channels for data transmission.

Infrared port
A port that enables two compatible computers or a computer and another compatible device to use an infrared beam to communicate with each other. Line-of-sight is required, but no cable is needed.

IMEI ,International mobile equipment identity (IMEI)
A number that uniquely identifies an individual mobile device. The IMEI appears on the label located on the back of the phone. It is automatically transmitted by the phone when the network asks for it.

IP address
Internet protocol address. A unique string of numbers that identifies a computer on the Internet. Shown in groups separated by periods, like this: 123.456.789.012.


IR port
See Infrared port.


Java
A programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. Some Nokia phones support the downloading of Java™ applications.

kbit/s, kbps, Kilobits per second
A data transfer rate of 1024 bits per second.

Li-Ion battery
A rechargeable battery that is used to power wireless communication devices. Li-Ion batteries are lightweight, have a relatively long life cycle, and generally do not suffer from memory effect. See also Battery, NiCd battery, and NiMH battery.

Lithium-Ion battery
See Li-Ion battery.

MIDI ringing tone
See Polyphonic ringing tone.

Messaging
A set of features that let the user create, store, send, receive, and manage different types of messages, for example, text messages, multimedia messages, e-mail messages, and fax messages.

MP3
A compression format especially designed for sound data – similar to AAC. Using MP3, the sound file size can be dramatically reduced without audible loss in sound quality.


Mobile wallet
A feature in some wireless devices that lets the user securely store personal information, such as payment card details and user names. The user can retrieve the information from the wallet when needed to use a mobile service that requires a user name and a password or to make an online purchase. The wallet is typically used via a browser.

Modem set-up
Software for a mobile device that enables the device to be used as a modem for PC access to the Internet. Modem set-up software can be downloaded from the Nokia Support web pages at www.nokia.com/support/phones. Not all Nokia phones have compatible modem set-up software.

MMS message, Multimedia message
A message that can contain text, an image or video clip, and/or a sound clip. Users can choose from preset or received pictures, or they can create their own. Multimedia messages can be sent and received only with phones that support the multimedia messaging service (MMS). See also Picture message.

MMS, Multimedia messaging service
A messaging service that combines conventional text messages with other content types, such as photographs, images, sound clips, and video clips. The multimedia messaging service is used with multimedia phones that can receive and process multimedia messages.

Network
An infrastructure enabling the transmission of wireless signals, which consists of series of points or nodes interconnected by communication paths.

OTA, Over-the-air technology
A technology that enables the operator to transfer data over the air to terminals and remote sites. OTA technology can be used, for example, to update the contents of data fields in the SIM card or to download applications, such as ringing tones or games, remotely to a wireless device.

PC Suite
Software that lets the user synchronize phone information with a compatible PC, install software, configure phone settings, and make backups of phone files. The PC Suite can be downloaded from the Nokia Support web pages at www.nokia.com/support/phones. Not all Nokia phones have compatible PC Suite software.

Phone battery
A power source for a mobile phone. See also Li-Ion battery, NiCd battery, and NiMH battery.

Picture message
A message that contains a picture and possibly also text. Users can choose from preset or received pictures, or they can create their own. See also Multimedia message.

PIN (Personal identification number) code
An access code that protects the SIM card against unauthorized use. A PIN code may be required by a service provider to make outgoing calls or obtain access to certain applications and data. See also SIM card.

Polyphonic ringing tone
A ringing tone that may consist of several notes at one time and that is played through a speaker rather than a buzzer. Using a speaker improves the sound quality for melodious ringing tones.


Screen saver
A picture or animation that appears on a mobile device's display when it is idle.


Security code
A number used to prevent unauthorized or accidental alteration of data programmed into wireless phones. The security code can be used by the owner of a phone to change the lock code.


Selection key
A key whose function depends on the options shown on the display. In a mobile phone, the selection keys are located just below or on the sides of the display.

Service provider
A company that provides or hosts services or content either for end users or for other entities such as other service providers. A service provider provides, for example, mobile services for its customers.

Short message service
A service that lets the user send and receive messages of limited length. See also Messaging.

SIM card
A security module that is inserted into a piece of mobile equipment and that includes data that is used to identify the user and to provide security for voice and data transmission. A SIM card includes, for example, the phone number, phone book information, and account information.

SMS
See Short message service.

Standby time
The period of time for which a battery can power a phone that is switched on and ready to make or receive a call but is not used for an actual call. See also Talk time.

Streaming
The simultaneous transfer of digital media, such as video, voice, and data, which is received as a continuous stream. The usage of data begins before all the data is transmitted to the user. Streaming can be point-to-point or broadcast from one origin to multiple receivers.

Synchronization
A process that causes something to occur or recur at the same time or in unison. Synchronization can be used to make the contents of specific files identical on different devices. For example, a user can synchronize the phonebook or contacts, calendar, and to-do list of a mobile device with the corresponding PC applications using Nokia PC Suite. This is not possible with all phone models.

SyncML
An open standard that enables synchronization of data between compatible devices, applications, and networks, which means that a consistent set of data is always available on any device or application. SyncML is based on Extensible Markup Language (XML).

Talk time
The total time for which a battery can power a mobile device while the phone is used to receive or perform a call. Talk time, expressed in hours and minutes, is much shorter than standby time because transmission requires more power. See also Standby time.

TCP/IP
TCP/IP is the standard Internet transmission control protocol that allows reliable data transfer in networks. TCP/IP is the key enabler for advanced mobile applications such as multimedia messaging with big file sizes, e-mail, video and presence-enhanced chat and contacts.


To-do list
A list of task notes saved in a phone. The notes can be saved in priority order. To-do list is not available in all phone models.

Tri-band phone
A phone that operates on three frequency bands, for example GSM 900, GSM 1800, and GSM 1900. A GSM tri-band phone can be used in different networks using different frequency bands.

Voice recorder
A feature that lets the user record, save, and listen to voice memos and telephone conversations.

Wallet
See Mobile wallet.

Web browser
Software that is used to view web pages and to interact with the applications and services available on the web.

Wireless application protocol
An open international standard for applications that use wireless communication. The main application based on WAP is Internet access from a mobile device, which can be used, for example, for banking, e-mail exchange, ticket purchase, and news services.

WML
Wireless Markup Language, a markup language (like HTML), but optimized for wireless use.


XHTML
Color browsing, together with XHTML Mobile Profile, enables a much more graphical user experience than ever before. Operators and content providers have the possibility to use professional graphic design skills and to easily customize presentation styles. They can also implement branding. In the end, the key to successful mobile applications is attractive content and an excellent user experience.